| 摘要: |
| 港口的开挖和维护会产生大量的港池疏浚物，海上倾倒是其主要处置方式之一。为系统分 析该处置方式对倾倒区及周边海洋环境的影响，文章选取了北仑倾倒区作为研究海域，并科学布 设水质监测站位，跟踪监测倾倒活动开展一年来倾倒区及周边海域溶解氧、化学需氧量、重金 属、无机氮和活性磷酸盐等指标的变化情况。结果表明：清洁港池疏浚物在倾倒过程中，对溶解 氧的影响较小；化学需氧量因疏浚物中具有可溶性有机物而有所升高，增幅最大可达 10％ ；疏浚物中的镉、铜和铅的溶出作用较为显著，汞、砷和铬的溶出作用不显著；无机氮和活性磷酸盐浓 度主要来自研究海域本底值，港池疏浚物的贡献不大。从水质标准来看，倾倒活动开展一年来， 溶解氧、化学需氧量和重金属指标均稳定优于一类海水水质标准，无机氮和活性磷酸盐因研究海 域本底值较高而劣于四类海水水质标准。总之，通过跟踪监测和合理安排，港池疏浚物倾倒对海 洋环境的影响总体可控。 |
| 关键词: 倾倒区 港池疏浚物 重金属 无机氮 活性磷酸盐 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2026.05.006 |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-25修订日期：2026-04-06 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Impact of Basin Dredged Material Dumping on the Adjacent Marine Environment |
| ZHENG An，REN Min，LIN Chongyang，PAN Keji，HE Donghai，CAI Yanhong |
| Ningbo Marine Center，MNR |
| Abstract: |
| The excavation and maintenance of ports will generate large quantities of basin dredged material, and dumping at sea is one of the primary disposal methods．To systematically analyze the impact of this disposal method on the dumping area and surrounding marine environment，this paper selected the Beilun dumping area as the study zone，and scientifically arranged water quality monitoring stations to track and monitor the changes of dissolved oxygen，chemical oxygen demand，heavy metals，inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate in seawater of Beilun dumping area and its adjacent waters over the past year．The results showed that during the dumping process of clean basin dredged materials，dissolved oxygen remained almost unchanged．Chemical oxygen demand increased due to soluble organic matter in dredged materials，with a maximum increase of about 10％．The leaching of cadmium，copper and lead from dredged materials was significant，whereas the leaching of mercury，arsenic and chromium was not significant．The concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate primarily originated from the background values of the study area，with minor contributions from basin dredged materials．From the perspective of water quality standards，during the past year of dumping activities， dissolved oxygen，chemical oxygen demand，and heavy metal indicators were consistently superior to the first- class seawater quality standard；however，inorganic nitrogen and reactive phosphate were below the fourth-class seawater quality standard due to the high background values in the research area．Therefore，through tracking and monitoring，and making reasonable arrangements，the impact of basin dredged material dumping on the marine environment could be generally controlled． |
| Key words: Dumping area Basin dredged material Heavy metals Inorganic nitrogen Reactive phosphate |
