| 摘要: |
| 孟加拉国是全球受热带气旋灾害影响较为严重的国家之一，系统识别其脆弱性的空间分布规律及驱动机制，对提升其沿海地区防灾减灾能力具有重要意义。文章以孟加拉国沿海地区 19 个县为研究对象， 从暴露性、敏感性和适应能力三个维度构建热带气旋灾害脆弱性评价指标体系， 分析区域脆弱性空间分布特征，剖析主要影响因素。研究结果表明，沿海地区的脆弱性总体呈 现“东部沿海高、西部沿海低”的空间分布格局，其中，吉大港县的脆弱性最高，是防灾减灾的 重点区域。研究区热带气旋灾害脆弱性因子呈显著的空间异质性，暴露性总体呈现东高西低的特 征，敏感性和适应能力则表现为西高东低的特征。西部沿海地区的脆弱性受敏感性与适应能力因 子共同影响，中部沿海地区以适应能力因子占主导，东部沿海地区则以暴露性因子占主导，且部 分区域呈现多因子共同影响的特征。研究结果可为孟加拉国沿海县制订针对性的防灾减灾方案提 供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 热带气旋 脆弱性 空间特征 孟加拉国 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2026.04.009 |
| 投稿时间：2026-02-11修订日期：2026-03-26 |
| 基金项目:中国海洋发展基金会海洋空间规划技术重点实验室重点课题（C3250C001）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（42506232）；教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目（22JJD790031）；中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金（2025Y005）． |
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| Vulnerability Assessment of Tropical Cyclone Disasters |
| XIE Xiaoru，WU Shanshan，TENG Xin，WANG Kaidi，WANG Xinwei， ZHANG Kuncheng |
| School of Marine Science and Technology，Tianjin University;National Ocean Technology Center;Key Laboratory of Marine Spatial Planning Technology，China Oceanic Development Foundation;Qingdao Institute of Marine Meteorology，Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences;Qingdao Research Center of Marine Meteorology，Qingdao Meteorological Bureau;School of International Affairs and Public Administration，Ocean University of China;Institute of Marine Development，Ocean University of China |
| Abstract: |
| Bangladesh is one of the countries most severely affected by tropical cyclone disasters worldwide. Systematically identifying the spatial distribution patterns and driving mechanisms of vulnerability is critical to enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capacities in its coastal areas. This study assesses tropical cyclone disaster vulnerability across 19 coastal districts of Bangladesh by constructing a vulnerability assessment framework based on three dimensions：exposure，sensitivity，and adaptive capacity to characterize the spatial distributions of vulnerability and key driving factors. The results indicate that the spatial pattern of vulnerability across the districts is characterized by higher levels along the eastern coast and lower levels along the western coast，with Chattogram district exhibiting the highest vulnerability and representing a priority area for disaster prevention and mitigation；Vulnerability factors display spatial heterogeneity，with exposure generally decreasing from east to west，while sensitivity and adaptive capacity tend to decrease from west to east；The contribution analysis shows that vulnerability on the western coast areas is mainly driven by sensitivity and adaptive capacity factors，on the central coast by adaptive capacity，and on the eastern coast predominantly by exposure factors， and several regions are characterized by the combined influence of multiple vulnerability factors. This research provides a scientific basis for designing targeted disaster risk reduction strategies in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. |
| Key words: Tropical cyclone Vulnerability Spatial characteristics Bangladesh |
