| 摘要: |
| 空天光学遥感技术凭借其覆盖范围广、响应速度快、监测成本低等显著优势，突破了传统海 洋观测手段的局限，实现了对海洋的多维、立体、精准监测。然而，现有研究多聚焦于单一应用场 景，尚未系统整合该技术在海洋领域的多维应用潜力。基于此，文章系统地梳理了空天光学遥感技 术在海洋渔业资源监测、海洋交通运输管理、海洋可再生能源开发及海洋生态环境保护领域的应用 现状，并通过国内外对比分析揭示了技术应用差距的具体表现。研究发现，我国空天光学遥感技术在上述应用中面临四维挑战：（1）高光谱、高空间分辨率遥感技术的研制能力不足；（2）海洋遥感数据利用率不足；（3）遥感技术与多源数据融合应用不足；（4）面向特定需求所提供的定制化服务不足。针对上述挑战，文章结合实际应用场景，有针对性地提出优化路径，明确了目前遥感技术的 优化重点，为构建空天海一体化海洋监测体系提供了切实的理论依据和关键技术路线支撑。 |
| 关键词: 空天光学遥感 海洋观测 海洋产业应用 空天海一体化海洋监测体系 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2026.01.006 |
| 投稿时间：2025-04-19修订日期：2025-11-05 |
| 基金项目:浙江省“尖兵领雁 +X”研发攻关计划（2024C03235）；空天光学遥感技术在东海区域的应用发展研究（AIRSE20235）；浙江省博士后科研项目择优资助一等资助（ZJ2024024）． |
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| Application and Prospects of Aerospace-Based Optical Remote Sensing Technology in the Marine Domain |
| ZHANG Han,YE Guanqiong,LIN Chunyu,SHANG Weidong,ZHENG Yongchao,ZHANG Jinghao |
| Ocean College Zhejiang University;Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University;Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan，Zhejiang University;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electricity |
| Abstract: |
| Aerospace-based optical remote sensing technology，characterized by its wide coverage，rapid response capability，and low monitoring cost，has overcome the limitations of traditional marine observation methods and support multi-dimensional，three-dimensional，and high-resolution monitoring of marine environments．However，existing studies have predominantly focused on isolated application scenarios and have not yet systematically integrated the multi-dimensional application potential of this technology in the marine domain．Based on this background，this paper systematically reviews the application progress of aerospace-based optical remote sensing technology in marine fisheries monitoring，maritime transportation management，marine renewable energy development，and marine ecological environment protection．Through a comparative analysis of domestic and international practices，the specific technological application gaps are identified．The results reveal that the application of this technology in China faces four major challenges：（1）limited capability in the independent development of high-spectral and high-spatial-resolution sensors；（2）low utilization efficiency of acquired marine remote sensing data；（3）insufficient integration of remote sensing outputs with multi- source heterogeneous datasets；（4）a lack of customized，scenario-driven service solutions tailored to specific application needs．In response to these challenges，this paper，grounded in practical application scenarios, proposes a set of targeted optimization pathways and clarifies the current priority areas for improving remote sensing technologies．Furthermore，it provides a solid theoretical basis and key technical guidance for building an integrated“air-space-ocean”remote sensing monitoring system. |
| Key words: Aerospace-based optical remote sensing,Marine observation,Marine industry applications, Integrated air-space-ocean marine monitoring system |
