| 摘要: |
| 为解决海上光伏用海标准细化不足、海域资源利用效率有待提升等问题，文章从政策梳理、技术测算、案例验证和优化建议 4 个维度展开研究。通过梳理国家与地方政策发现，2024 年自然资源部海上光伏用海政策明确了基于光伏发电效率和纬度差异的用海面积控制指标，但现 有政策仍缺乏对区域开发模式差异等核心因素的细化考量，动态量化指标体系尚未完善。文章 基于集约节约原则构建测算模型，以“发电效率、纬度差异”为前提，进一步推导开发模式 等变量对用海标准的修正系数，得出我国沿海 9 个省（直辖市）分区域用海控制指标建议值为1.119 ～ 1.492 hm2/MW；以江苏省 2025—2030 年规划的 60 个海上光伏项目验证，常规开发场景扣除生态保护与功能避让约束后，规划值与测算值偏差≤ 5 ％ ；最后从空间优化、指标管控和技术升级 3 个维度提出集约用海建议，为海上光伏用海标准化管理及海域资源高效利用提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 海上光伏 用海标准 资源集约 单位装机用海面积 案例验证 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2026.01.003 |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-21修订日期：2025-12-01 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research on Marine Use Standard of Offshore Photovoltaic From the Perspective of Resource Intensification |
| WANG Dongbo,WANG Shangfei,CHEN Weixi |
| Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited |
| Abstract: |
| To address the issues of insufficient refinement of marine use standards for offshore photovoltaic（PV） projects and the need to improve the efficiency of marine resource utilization，this study conducts research from four dimensions：policy review，technical calculation，case verification，and optimization recommendations. A review of national and local policies reveals that the marine use policy for offshore PV issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources in 2024 clarifies marine use area control indicators based on photovoltaic power generation efficiency and latitude differences. However，existing policies still lack detailed consideration of core factors such as differences in regional development models，and the dynamic quantitative indicator system remains incomplete． This study establishes a calculation model based on the principle of intensive and economical use．Taking“power generation efficiency and latitude differences”as the basic premise，it further derives correction coefficients for variables such as development models on marine use standards，and proposes regional marine use control indicator values of 1.119 ～ 1.492 hectares/MW for 9 coastal provinces（municipalities）in China. Verification using 60 planned offshore PV projects in Jiangsu Province from 2025 to 2030 shows that under conventional development scenarios，after accounting for constraints related to ecological protection and functional avoidance，the deviation between the planned values and calculated values is ≤ 5％．Finally，recommendations for intensive marine use are put forward from three aspects： spatial optimization，indicator management，and technological upgrading．This research provides a reference for the standardized management of marine use in offshore PV projects and the efficient utilization of marine resources. |
| Key words: Offshore photovoltaic,Marine use standard,Resource intensification,Marine area per unit installed capacity,Case verification |
