| 摘要: |
| 海洋与人类的生活息息相关，上海海域作为长江的入海口，海洋生物资源丰富，但同时也受到海洋生态灾害的影响。随着沿海地区的快速开发利用，海洋生态系统承受着巨大的压力，所以上海市海洋生态灾害预警监测至关重要，但通过研究发现其仍存在一些体系及技术方面的不足。文章旨在全方位探讨海洋生态灾害预警监测的研究背景与现状，以及研究的主要内容，同时分析国内外海洋生态监测预警的发展情况，深入研究上海市海洋生态预警监测的具体措施。根据海洋生态环境、地理位置等数据，分析上海市海洋生态的当前状况，揭示存在的问题，如生态灾害高发、生态系统退化、环境承载压力大，并结合相关政策，指出上海市海洋生态灾害预警监测措施存在工作体系未构建、技术不足的问题，并从监测内容、监测指标、监测方法、监测评价等方面提出设计思路，从海洋生态基础性监测、近海典型生态系统预警监测、海洋生态灾害预警监测、海岸带生态修复工程跟踪监测方面完成设计方案，以期更好地构建上海市海洋生态灾害预警监测系统。 |
| 关键词: 海洋生态 预警 监测 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.06.008 |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-24修订日期：2025-05-28 |
| 基金项目:上海市海洋局科研项目（沪海科2020-04）. |
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| Study on Early Warning and Monitoring of Marine Ecological Disasters in Shanghai |
| QIU Cheng |
| Shanghai Marine Monitoring and Forecasting Center |
| Abstract: |
| The ocean is closely connected to human life. The Shanghai marine area, as the estuary of the Yangtze River, is rich in marine biological resources. However, it also faces the impact of marine ecological disasters. With the rapid development and utilization of coastal areas, the marine ecosystem is under tremendous pressure. Therefore, marine ecological disaster early warning and monitoring in Shanghai is crucial. However, research has found that there are still some deficiencies in its system and technology. This paper aims to comprehensively explore the research background and current status of marine ecological disaster early warning and monitoring, as well as the main content of the research, while analyzing the development of marine ecological monitoring and early warning both domestically and internationally. Based on this, the paper further studies the specific measures for marine ecological early warning and monitoring in Shanghai. By analyzing data on the marine ecological environment, geographic location, and other factors, the paper assesses the current status of Shanghai′s marine ecology, revealing issues such as the high incidence of ecological disasters, ecosystem degradation, and large environmental pressure. In conjunction with relevant policies, the paper discusses the existing problems of Shanghai′s marine ecological monitoring and early warning measures, such as the lack of a working system and insufficient technology. It also proposes design ideas from aspects of monitoring content, indicators, methods, and evaluation. The design plan will focus on basic marine ecological monitoring, early warning monitoring of typical nearshore ecosystems, early warning monitoring of marine ecological disasters, and tracking monitoring of coastal zone ecological restoration projects, with the goal of better constructing Shanghai′s marine ecological disaster early warning and monitoring system. |
| Key words: Marine ecology, Early warning, Monitoring |
