| 摘要: |
| 20世纪60年代以来，海岸侵蚀已对全球70%的砂质海岸造成不同程度的影响，研究砂质岸线特征、稳定性及其可能影响因素，对海岸带保护修复具有重要意义。文章首先基于连续9年的实测高程数据，从坡度、岸滩形状及垂向变化等方面评估分析了岸线特征及年际变化规律；其次从沙滩类型、人为因素及自然因素等方面讨论了影响岸线稳定性的原因。研究表明，研究区域内金沙滩、石老人、龙湾等砂质岸线较为稳定，剖面高程年平均垂向变化量一般不超过0.1 m；而一浴、二浴、三浴及灵山湾等则年际变化较大，多数剖面高程年平均垂向变化量大于0.5 m。造成差异的影响因素包括：（1）沙滩类型影响，如金沙滩、石老人等为较稳定的耗散型沙滩，一浴、二浴则为不稳定的过渡型沙滩；（2）人为因素影响，包括浒苔治理导致海沙流失、人工补沙、浴场沙滩建设等；（3）海洋灾害影响，海平面上升背景下部分沙滩可能面临严重的滩面淹没情况，而风暴潮灾害也可以显著影响滩面变化。 |
| 关键词: 砂质岸线 海岸侵蚀 剖面形态 人为影响 海洋灾害 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.20250818.001 |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-21修订日期：2025-05-28 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（42176016）；青岛市技术服务项目（20220174）. |
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| Analysis of the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Sandy Shoreline Changes: Taking Qingdao City as an Example |
| WANG Jiangman,MENG Xiangzhen,WANG Shuran,ZHENG Xiaowei,LIU Zizhou |
| Qingdao Marine Management Support Center;Tidal Flat Research Center of Jiangsu Province;Ocean University of China;Qingdao Oceantec Valley Oceanthink Marine Science & Technology Co.,Ltd. |
| Abstract: |
| Since the 1960s, coastal erosion has affected approximately 70% of the world′s sandy coasts to varying degrees. Studying the characteristics, stability, and potential influencing factors of sandy shorelines is of great significance for the protection and restoration of coastal zones. This paper first evaluates and analyzes the characteristics and interannual variations of shorelines based on 9 consecutive years of measured elevation data, considering aspects such as slope, beach shape, and vertical disturbances. Secondly, the paper discusses the reasons affecting shoreline stability from the perspectives of beach type, human factors, and natural factors. The study indicates that sandy shorelines such as Jinshatan, Shilaoren, and Longwan are relatively stable, with an average annual vertical change in profile elevation generally not exceeding 0.1 meters. While Yiyu, Eryu, Sanyu, and Lingshanwan exhibit significant interannual variations, and the annual average vertical change of most profiles is greater than 0.5 meters. The factors contributing to these differences include: (1) Beach types: Jinshatan, Shilaoren, and Longwan are more stable dissipative types, whereas Yiyu and Eryu are unstable transitional types; (2) Human influence: including sea sand loss due to green tide management, artificial sand replenishment, and changes in slope due to beach construction; (3) Marine disaster impact: Against the backdrop of rising sea levels, part of the beaches may face severe beach submersion, and storm surges can significantly affect beach surface changes, producing varying impacts on various sandy shorelines. |
| Key words: Sandy shoreline, Coastal erosion, Profile morphology, Human influence, Marine disasters |
