| 摘要: |
| 为科学制定海域空间规划和充分开发利用海洋资源，文章梳理辽宁省现有用海类型及其存在的问题，借鉴发达国家的用海类型及其发展趋势，根据用海需求以及满足用海需求的有利条件，从多目标角度预测分析辽宁省用海情景，并提出用海管理建议。研究结果表明：辽宁省拥有渔业用海和工业用海等多种用海类型，但存在用海结构不平衡、海洋功能区划不完善、节约集约用海水平不高、海洋生态环境恶化以及生态用海体现不足等问题；发达国家根据不同宗旨采取的用海管理措施可对辽宁省提供启示；针对海洋渔业转型升级、海洋生态可持续发展、海洋产业结构调整和海洋立体开发的用海需求，结合海洋渔业等方面的有利条件，辽宁省可分别以生态保护、经济发展以及经济发展和生态保护相平衡为主要目标发展休闲渔业和可再生能源等各种用海类型；未来辽宁省用海管理应建设用海数据共享平台、制定陆海统筹的海域空间规划、实施和完善“多规合一”的管理制度、加强公众参与以及加强区域交流合作。 |
| 关键词: 用海类型 立体开发 海洋牧场 海洋生态环境 海域空间规划 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.20220518.001 |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-21修订日期：2022-05-14 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目“人海和谐理念下辽宁省海洋生态空间用途管制问题研究”（L19BGL038）. |
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| Prediction and Analysis of Spatial Sea Area Usage in Liaoning Province |
| ZHOU Lianyi,ZHAO Yue,MA Xinyu |
| Dalian Ocean University |
| Abstract: |
| In order to scientifically formulate the sea area spatial planning and make full use of marine resources, this paper combed the existing sea use types and existing problems in Liaoning Province, drew lessons from the sea use types and development trend of developed countries, predicted and analyzed the sea use situation in Liaoning Province from the perspective of multiple objectives according to the sea use demand and the favorable conditions to meet the sea use demand, and put forward some suggestions on sea use management. The results showed that Liaoning Province had many types of sea use, such as fishery sea area and industrial sea area. However, there were some problems, such as unbalanced sea use structure, imperfect sea area spatial planning and marine function zoning, low level of economical and intensive sea use, deterioration of marine ecological environment and insufficient ecological sea use. The sea use management measures adopted by developed countries according to different purposes could provide enlightenment to Liaoning Province. In view of the sea use demand of marine fishery transformation and upgrading, marine ecological sustainable development, marine industrial structure adjustment and marine three-dimensional development, combined with the favorable conditions of marine fishery, Liaoning Province could develop various types of sea use such as leisure fishery and renewable energy with the main goal of ecological protection, economic development and the balance between economic development and ecological protection. In the future, Liaoning Province′s sea use management should build a sea use data sharing platform, formulate land and sea area spatial planning, implement and improve the “multi compliance and one” management system, strengthen public participation and strengthen regional exchanges and cooperation. |
| Key words: Sea use type,Three dimensional development,Ocean ranch,Marine ecological environment,Marine spatial plan |
