| 摘要: |
| 随着近海渔业资源的枯竭及近海养护政策的进一步实施，发展远洋渔业成为增加海水产品供给、改善居民膳食结构、实现我国渔业可持续发展的战略选择。文章回顾了新中国成立以来我国远洋渔业的发展历程：按照产量、产值、作业海域、远洋渔业产业结构等指标对其进行阶段划分，依次分为空白期（1949—1971年）、积极筹备期（1972—1984年）、起步期（1985—1990年）、快速发展期（1991—1997年）、调整期（1998—2006年）、优化期（2007年至今）6个阶段，并分析其阶段特征；发现国际渔业合作、远洋技术革新、近海渔业政策和政府补贴引导构成了远洋渔业不同阶段的演进动因。结合当前我国远洋渔业所处阶段的特征和国内外渔业环境，对我国远洋渔业的发展趋势进行预测，即我国远洋渔业发展趋势体现在如下三大转变，①由渔业资源依附型转变为科技资源驱动型；②资源消耗型转变成资源创造型，推进海外“蓝色粮仓”建设；③资源破坏型转变为资源养护型，树立负责任远洋渔业大国的形象。 |
| 关键词: 远洋渔业 新中国成立以来 阶段特征 演进动因 趋势预测 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目“山东省远洋渔业发展战略研究”(鲁财农指〔2015〕16号). |
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| Review of the Development of Pelagic Fisheries in China since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China:Stage Characteristics,Evolution and Trend Prediction |
| LIU Fang,YU Huijuan |
| Management College of Ocean University of China |
| Abstract: |
| With the depletion of offshore fishery resources and the further implementation of offshore conservation policy,pelagic fishery has become a strategic choice to increase the supply of marine products,improve the dietary structure of the residents and achieve sustainable development of fisheries in China.This paper reviewed the development of ocean fishery since the founding of new China,according to the yield and output value,waters,fishery industry structure and other indicators on the stages division,which was divided into six stages,including blank period (1949—1971),active preparatory period (1972—1984 ),initial stage (1985—1990),rapid developing period (1991—1997 ),adjustment period (1998—2006 ),optimization period (since 2007),and analyzed its characteristic.It was found that international fishery cooperation,ocean technology innovation,offshore fishery policy and government subsidies guidance formed the different stages of the evolution motivation of ocean fishery,combined with the current ocean fishery development,the characteristics of the stage and the domestic and foreign fisheries environment,some prediction were made on the developing trend of pelagic fisheries in China.China’s pelagic fishery developing trend was reflected in the following three major changes:(1) from the fishery resources dependent type to scientific and technological resources driving type;(2) from the consumption type to the resources of creative resources,promoting the overseas construction of “the blue granary”;(3) from the destruction of resources type to the resource conservation type,establishing responsible country image of ocean fishery. |
| Key words: Pelagic fishery,Since the founding of the PRC,Stage characteristics,Evolution motivation,Trend prediction |
