| 摘要: |
| 对海岛进行风险评价是海岛开发利用和保护管理的基础和前提。文章以舟山群岛为研究区域，应用专家调查问卷法，对舟山群岛规划建设中的综合利用岛、滨海旅游岛、临港工业岛、港口物流岛、现代渔业岛、海洋生态岛等不同主体功能岛群面临的主要生态风险源及其危害度进行调查评估。结果表明，接受问卷调查的专家普遍认为，舟山群岛名列前十位的生态风险源主要有台风和风暴潮、储运的石油及其制品燃烧爆炸、装卸运输产生的石油泄漏、赤潮暴发、滑坡与泥石流等地质灾害、淡水资源短缺、过度捕捞、沙石及岛礁采挖、生物入侵、工业三废排放；按照各类主体功能岛群面临的各种生态风险源的综合潜在危害度，从大到小排列依次为海洋生态岛、滨海旅游岛、现代渔业岛、综合利用岛、临港工业岛、港口物流岛。在逐一分析各类主体功能岛群面临的主要生态风险源的基础上，提出完善分类风险管控重点以提高防灾减灾的针对性、完善公共防灾基础设施以加强防范共性生态风险等对策建议。 |
| 关键词: 舟山群岛 生态风险源 主体功能区 专家调查问卷法 防灾减灾 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:海洋行业公益性科研专项“岛屿综合开发风险评估与景观生态保护技术及示范应用”（２０１３０５００９）． |
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| Ecological Risk on Various Types of Major Functional Islands in Zhoushan Archipelago Based on Expert Questionnaire |
| LI Rui,JI Lihong,CAO Wenting,HU Chunqin |
| School of Earth Sciences，Zhejiang University |
| Abstract: |
| The assessment of island ecological risk is an important premise to develop and manage islands.In this paper，the Zhoushan Archipelago were taken as research area，according to the Major Function Zoning of Zhoushan City and Zhejiang Province,the Zhoushan archipelago were divided into six major functional islands:the Comprehensive Developing islands，Coastal Tourism islands，Coastal Industrial islands，Logistics islands，Contemporary Fishing islands and Marine Ecological islands.Based on expert questionnaire investigation，the main ecological risk sources and hazard degree for the six major functional islands were assessed.The results showed that the top 10 ecological risk sources of the Zhoushan archipelago are: the typhoon and storm surge，the explosion of petroleum and its products，oil spilling，red tides，landslides and debris flows，shortage of fresh water resources，overfishing，excavation of sand and reef，biological invasion and the emissions of industrial wastes.According to the extent of potential risk,the six major functional islands is arranged from in the following order: the marine ecological island，the coastal tourism islands，the contemporary fishing islands，the comprehensive developing islands，the coastal industrial islands and the logistics islands.Some suggestions were also proposed in the paper，such as perfecting the controls of different risk sources to improve the pertinence of disaster prevention and mitigation，improving the construction of public disaster prevention infrastructure to prevent common ecological risks. |
| Key words: ZhouShan archipelago,Ecological risk sources,Major functional zone,Expert questionnaire investigation,Disaster prevention and reduction |
