| 引用本文： |
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侯法垒,吴韬,邢家栋,冀昊,周鑫,于跃,程嘉熠,王晓萌.基于 AI 识别技术评估海上风电对鸟类的影响[J].海洋开发与管理,2025,42(9):47-57
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| 摘要: |
| 在“双碳”目标背景下，大力发展海上风电是推进能源转型的关键环节。然而，伴随海上 风电集群化、集约化快速发展，其背后隐藏的环境问题逐渐显现，但海上风电对鸟类生境及其行 为习性的影响尚存争议。通过基于 AI 识别技术的海上风电场鸟类在线监测系统，深入探究运营期海上风电场周边鸟类的物种和行为变化。结果表明，目标风电场的运营并未对周边鸟类的季节 性迁徙和每日活动规律造成显著影响。风电场内穿梭的鸟类以鸥类为主，飞行速度显著降低，并 可主动规避风机叶片。多数雀形目小型鸟类以及部分猛禽以升压站作为临时栖息地和避敌场所。 研究结果可为未来海上风电场的生态友好性评估提供参考，丰富海上风电场鸟类智慧化监管的技 术手段。 |
| 关键词: 鸟类 海上风电场 在线监测 AI 识别技术 海洋生态保护 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2025.09.012 |
| 投稿时间：2025-01-07修订日期：2025-08-12 |
| 基金项目:国家海洋环境监测中心近岸海域生态环境重点实验室项目（20240101）. |
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| Assessing the Impact of Offshore Wind on Birds Using AI Recognition Techniques |
| HOU Falei,WU Tao,XING Jiadong,JI Hao,ZHOU Xin,YU Yue,CHENG Jiayi,WANG Xiaomeng |
| Shandong Energy Group Electric Power Group Co.，Ltd.;China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute;National Marine Environment Monitoring Center |
| Abstract: |
| Under the background of“dual-carbon”targets，the vigorous development of offshore wind power is a key link to promote energy transformation．However，with the rapid shift toward large-scale and intensive offshore wind clusters，the underlying environmental concerns have gradually emerged，particularly regarding the ongoing controversy over the impact of offshore wind farms（OWFs）on bird habitats and behavior．Through an online bird monitoring system for offshore wind farms based on AI recognition technology，in-depth exploration of bird species and behavioral changes around offshore wind farms during the operation period．The results showed that the operation of the target wind farm did not significantly affect the seasonal migration and daily activity patterns of birds in the surrounding area．Gulls were the dominant Passeriformes at the wind farm，with significantly reduced flight speeds and active avoidance of the turbine blades．Notably，most small Passeriformes and certain raptors utilized the offshore substation as a temporary roosting and refuge site．The results of this study can provide a reference for the ecological friendliness assessment of future offshore wind farms and enrich the technical means for intelligent supervision of birds in offshore wind farms. |
| Key words: Birds,Offshore wind farms,Online monitoring,AI recognition technology,Marine environmental protection |
