| 摘要: |
| 随着全球气候变暖，各国对北极能源的开发愈发重视。美国北极地区的能源储量巨大，但鉴于美国的北极战略核心是国家安全、环境保护和国际合作，其能源开发相对滞后。2013年奥巴马政府出台了《北极地区国家战略》，开始对北极能源开发予以特别关注。特朗普政府执政期间，加强了对北极近海油气能源开发的支持力度。2021年拜登总统上任后，美国的北极能源政策以气候变化为核心，意在推动北极地区的绿色发展。美国的北极能源开发始终面临着法律、资金、技术、环保等各种问题的制约，这也决定了美国北极地区能源开发的复杂性和长期性。我国宜通过制定北极能源合作开发战略，重视北极等极寒地区绿色技术的应用和研发，推动与美国在北极地区气候变化和能源转型的合作，深化国际协作与交流，积极参与北极治理等举措，促进我国对北极能源资源的开发利用。 |
| 关键词: 美国 北极 能源政策 能源开发 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.2024.01.004 |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-04修订日期：2023-11-07 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Evolution of US Energy Development Policy in the Arctic Region |
| WEI Wei |
| Evolution of US Energy Development Policy in the Arctic Region |
| Abstract: |
| With global warming, countries around the world are paying more attention to the development of Arctic energy resources. The US Arctic region has huge oil and gas reserves, but the core of the US Arctic strategy lies in national security, environmental protection, and international cooperation, hence oil and gas development is relatively lagging behind. In 2013, the Obama Administration introduced the National Strategy for the Arctic Region, which began to pay special attention to Arctic energy development. During the Trump Administration, it has stepped up support for offshore oil and gas energy development in the Arctic region. After President Biden took office in 2021, the U.S. Arctic energy policy centered on climate change, aiming to promote green development in the Arctic region. The US Arctic energy development has always faced various constraints such as law, capital, technology, and environmental protection, which also determine the complexity and long-term nature of U.S. energy development in the Arctic region. China should promote the development of Arctic energy resources by formulating strategies for Arctic energy cooperation, emphasizing the application and R&D of technology in extremely cold regions in the Arctic, promoting cooperation with the United States on climate change and energy transition in the Arctic region, deepening international collaboration and exchanges, and participating in the Arctic governance actively. |
| Key words: United States, Arctic, Energy policy, Energy development |
