| 摘要: |
| 为深入认识深海溢油输运过程和提高深海溢油事故的应急响应能力，文章以2010年墨西哥湾“深水地平线”事故为例，采用深海溢油输移扩散模型，以三维流场和海面风场为主要环境动力，数值模拟溢油深海泄漏后的浮射扩散、水体中输移扩散以及在风场和流场共同作用下在海面上输移扩散的全过程，同时模拟实施海底消油剂喷注处理措施后溢油输移轨迹和扩散范围的变化。研究结果表明：数值模拟结果与相关报道的悬浮油带实际观测结果以及美国国家海洋与大气管理局的海水异常遥感监测结果总体相符，可为更加全面和精细的深海溢油输移扩散数值模拟研究奠定良好的基础。 |
| 关键词: 深海溢油 输移扩散 数值模拟 悬浮油带 海底消油剂处理 |
| DOI：10.20016/j.cnki.hykfygl.20220412.001 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(42076215、41306099)；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0900606）. |
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| Numerical Simulation of the Transport and Diffusion of Spilled Oil Released from ‘Deepwater Horizon’ Accident in the Gulf of Mexico |
| LIAO Guoxiang |
| National Marine Environment Monitoring Center;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem |
| Abstract: |
| To better understand the processes of spilled oil being transported in deepwater and increase the emergency response capacity for deepwater oil spill accidents, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill accident happened in the Gulf of Mexico was selected as a case study. Using the environmental data of three-dimensional current fields and sea surface wind fields as model input, an integrated deepwater oil spill trajectory and fate model was applied to simulate the transport and diffusion of spilled oil in marine environment, including the buoyant jets initially released from deep water and the following passive transport of both the oil droplets in water column and the oil slicks on sea surface. In addition, the application of subsea dispersant injection treatment and the resulting changes of trajectories of oil droplets and pollution extents were simulated as well. The numerical simulation results were generally in good agreement with the field monitoring data of suspended oil plume in deep water environment and the remote sensing monitoring data of seawater anomalies on sea surface, which were reported in literature or published by NOAA of United States of America. The results had laid a good foundation for more comprehensive and fine numerical simulations of deepwater oil spill accidents. |
| Key words: Deepwater oil spill,Transport and diffusion,Numerical simulation,Suspended oil plume,Subsea dispersant treatment |
