| 摘要: |
| 地方政府和能源部门是海上风电迅速发展的主要推动力，自然资源部门的参与度和话语权相对较低，导致自然资源部门倡导的集约节约用海等原则在海上风电开发过程中难以得到有效落实。文章梳理我国海上风电开发与管理的基本情况，分析自然资源框架下海上风电管理面临的困境及原因，提出完善海上风电管理的对策建议。研究结果表明，海上风电开发现阶段存在着发展规划制定不完善，地方自然资源部门监督职能难以有效发挥，部分项目存在“化整为零”违规审批等问题。上述问题既是地方政府在海上风电开发过程中强势推动政策的负面结果，也与自然资源部门自身职责定位、相关规划和审批依据不健全、监督管理力量不足等因素有关。为有效履行国土空间用途管制的职责，自然资源部门需要发挥国土空间规划体系对海上风电开发的指导作用，借助海洋督察推动地方政府落实海洋自然资源监管责任，并通过及时制定可操作性审批标准、完善监督管理力量等方式，推动海上风电开发能够合理利用海洋空间。 |
| 关键词: 自然资源 海上风电 海洋管理 海洋空间 海洋监管 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:广东省促进经济高质量发展专项资金海洋经济发展项目（GDOE〔2019〕A44、GDOE〔2019〕A55）；国家海洋局南海维权技术与应用重点实验室项目（SCS1608）. |
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| A Study on Dilemma of Offshore Wind Power Management Under the Framework of Natural Resources |
| SHAO Xiancheng,WANG Ping |
| South China Sea Information Center of SOA;Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application, MNR |
| Abstract: |
| Local governments and the energy department are the main drivers of the rapid development of offshore wind power, and the participation and voice of the natural resources department are relatively low. This has made it difficult to effectively implement the principles of saving and intensive sea use advocated by the natural resources department. This paper sorted out the basic situation of offshore wind power development and management in China, analyzed the difficulties and causes of offshore wind power management under the framework of natural resources, and proposed countermeasures and suggestions for improving offshore wind power management. The research results showed that there were problems in the planning stage of offshore wind power development, such as imperfect formulation of development plans, difficulty in effectively performing the supervisory functions of local natural resources departments, and illegal approval of some projects. The above problems were not only the negative result of the local government's strong promotion policies in the process of offshore wind power development, but also related to the natural resources department′s own responsibility positioning, imperfect planning and approval basis, and insufficient supervision and management strength. In order to effectively fulfill the duties of territorial space use control, the natural resources department needs to play the guiding role of the territorial space planning system for offshore wind power development, and promote the local government′s implementation of marine natural resources supervision responsibility through ocean supervision. At the same time, the natural resources department needs to formulate operational approval standards in a timely manner and improve supervision and management strength. The above measures will help promote offshore wind power to make reasonable use of marine space. |
| Key words: Natural resources,Offshore wind power,Marine management, Marine space,Marine supervision |
