摘要: |
我国海水养殖污染的一项重要原因在于对海水养殖生态环境影响的认识不清,作为我国仅次于开放式养殖的第二大海水养殖方式,围海养殖对海洋生态环境的破坏更大。为提高围海养殖效率,降低围海养殖的外部成本,提升公民海洋生态环境保护意识,文章以浙江省舟山市为例,基于391份随机调查样本,采用条件价值评估法对其围海养殖外部成本进行了评估。研究结果表明:舟山市围海养殖的外部成本约为42.97万元/月;相较于一般居民,围海养殖户对围海养殖外部成本的认知更为清晰和深刻;强化海洋生态环境保护宣传,改进围海养殖技术,出台更严格的围海养殖废水排放标准,将海域使用金征收标准与围海养殖废水处理水平挂钩等措施将有助于降低围海养殖的外部成本。 |
关键词: 外部成本 围海养殖 条件价值评估法 生态环境 舟山 |
DOI: |
|
基金项目:浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费项目“近岸海洋资源开发利用效率与海洋经济精明发展——基于非意愿产出的实证研究”(2019 ZJ00013);舟山市科技计划项目“养殖用海海域生态系统服务功能损失价值评估研究”(2016C41011). |
|
Evaluating the External Costs of Sea-Closure Culture Based on Contingent Valuation Method: An Empirical Study in Zhoushan,Zhejiang Province |
ZHONG Haiyue,RUAN Pingting,LEI Zhangyuan |
School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Ocean University |
Abstract: |
An important reason for the pollution of marine aquaculture in China lies in the unclear understanding of the ecological environmental impact of marine aquaculture.As the second largest marine aquaculture method in China after open aquaculture,enclosed marine aquaculture has more damage to the marine ecological environment.This paper evaluated the external costs of sea-closure culture in Zhoushan by using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to improve the efficiency and reduce external costs of sea-closure culture,and to enhance citizen′s awareness of marine environment protection.A random sample survey on 391 respondents in Zhoushan was conducted in the summer of 2018 in a face to face manner.Results showed that the external costs of sea-closure culture was 42.97×104 Yuan per month in Zhoushan;people who engaged in sea-closure culture has a clearer understanding on external costs of sea-closure culture than others.More efficient sea-closure breeding technologies,stricter marine aquaculture wastewater emission standards,and a more flexible charging standard of sea area use fees connecting with marine aquaculture wastewater emission standards will be helpful on reducing external costs of sea-closure culture. |
Key words: External cost,Sea-closure culture,Contingent Valuation Method (CVM),Ecological environment,Zhoushan |