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曹超,吴承强,郑勇玲,朱铠,潘祥进,戚洪帅,卢惠泉,鲍晶晶,苏燕,蔡锋.莆田围填海工程对岸线变迁及海岸环境的影响研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2021,38(5):80-84
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| 莆田围填海工程对岸线变迁及海岸环境的影响研究 |
| 曹超,吴承强,郑勇玲,朱铠,潘祥进,戚洪帅,卢惠泉,鲍晶晶,苏燕,蔡锋 |
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| 自然资源部第三海洋研究所;福建省海洋生态保护与修复重点实验室;福州大学土木工程学院 |
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| 摘要: |
| 文章运用 ArcGIS10.5软件的DSAS模块的端点变化率、线性回归率等算法，以莆田市 1984年、1994年、2004年、2010年、2014年和2019年6个时期的google遥感影像图（Landsat卫星）为数据源，分析莆田30余年来围海、填海工程及其他岸线类型的变迁过程。结合历史文献资料研究发现:①1984—2004年，围填海工程基本以围海养殖和围海盐业生产为主，胜利、澄峰、后海、东峤围海垦区占围海工程90%以上；②2004—2014年，填海造地工程飞速发展，临港产业园、妈祖城、东吴港区、石门澳等大面积区域性填海面积约60 km2，约占全市填海面积的93%；③近5年来，大批围海工程转产转型，围海面积逐年减少，生态修复岸线和砂质岸线迅速增长，海岸保护能力不断升级。莆田围填海工程建设提升了莆田海洋经济社会的发展水平，增加了海洋经济产值，适应了城市发展需求，但海岸保护功能降低、纳潮量减少、生物多样性损伤、水质恶化等海洋生态环境问题日益突出。随着生态海堤、蓝色海湾等海洋修复工程的实施，改善了海岸防护工程的功能体系，提升了海岸带生态环境自适应能力，为推进海岸带生态修复工程的实施提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 莆田 围填海工程 海岸类型变迁 海岸环境 海岸带开发利用 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（42076058、41930538、41406059）；自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费（海三科2019006）. |
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| Study on Influence of Reclamation Project on Coastal Change and Coastal Environment in Putian |
| CAO Chao,WU Chengqiang,ZHENG Yongling,ZHU Kai,PAN Xiangjin,QI Hongshuai,LU Huiquan,BAO Jingjing,SU Yan,CAI Feng |
| Third Institution of Oceanography,MNR;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology Protection and Restoration;College of Civil Engineering of Fuzhou University |
| Abstract: |
| Using endpoint rate,linear homing rate algorithm of DSAS module of ArcGIS10.5,6 Google images of remote sensing (Landsat satellites) of Putian city in 1984,1994,2004,2010,2014 and 2019 were used as the data sources,to analyze the changing process of reclamation projects and other types of shoreline change of Putian for over 30 years.1) From 1984 to 2004,the reclamation project mainly focused on sea farming and salt production,and Shengli,Chengfeng,Houhai and Dongqiao reclamation areas accounted for more than 90% of the reclamation area2) From 2004 to 2014,land reclamation projects developed rapidly.Lingang Industrial Park,Mazu City,Dongwu Port District,Shimen′ao and other large areas of regional reclamation area were about 60 km2,accounting for 93% of the reclamation area of the whole city3) During the recent 5 years,a large number of sea reclamation projects have been transformed into productive projects.The area of sea reclamation has been reduced year by year,the ecological restoration coastline and sandy coastline have been growing rapidly,and the coastal protection capacity has been constantly upgraded.The construction of Putian reclamation project has improved the development level of marine economy and society,increased the output value of marine economy and adapted to the needs of urban development.However,marine ecological and environmental problems such as reduced coastal protection function,reduced tidal load,biodiversity damage and water quality deterioration have become increasingly prominent.With the implementation of ecological seawall,Blue Bay and other marine restoration projects,the functional system of coastal protection projects has been improved and the adaptive capacity of coastal ecological environment has been enhanced,providing scientific basis for the implementation of coastal ecological restoration projects. |
| Key words: Putian,Reclamation project,Coastal type change,Coastal environment,Development and utilization of coastal zones |
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