深海多金属硫化物采矿研究进展及其前景探讨

李江海; 宋珏琛; 洛怡

引用本文：

李江海,宋珏琛,洛怡.深海多金属硫化物采矿研究进展及其前景探讨[J].海洋开发与管理,2019,36(11):29-37

本文已被：浏览 4244次下载 1938次	码上扫一扫！
深海多金属硫化物采矿研究进展及其前景探讨
李江海,宋珏琛,洛怡
0 字体:加大+\|默认\|缩小-
造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室;北京大学地球与空间科学学院;北京大学石油与天然气研究中心

摘要:

随着陆地金属矿产资源的日渐枯竭，深海多金属硫化物逐渐成为海洋矿产资源勘探的新趋势。文章介绍了全球主要海底多金属硫化物矿床的成因及分布特点，阐述了多个国际矿业公司和国际海洋组织对西南太平洋、大西洋和印度洋海底块状多金属硫化物勘探活动的最新进展。从海底多金属硫化物的金属品质、深海采矿的法律政策和环境保护等方面对海底多金属硫化物的开发前景进行探讨,并提出积极投身国际海底资源开发规章制定,进一步细化国内法律制度,为深海采矿提供良好的法律制度环境;提升深海治理能力,增强我国在深海领域的话语权;完善深海技术装备体系,提高深海开发创新能力等建议。

关键词: 多金属硫化物深海采矿西南太平洋西南印度洋洋中脊

DOI：

基金项目:中国大洋十三五印度洋靶区断裂系统及其控矿作用研究课题（DY135-S2-1-01）；科技部重大专项（2016ZX05033002）和超慢速扩张洋中脊岩浆迁移及其动力学机制研究（gzck2018001）联合资助.

Research Progress and Prospect of Deep Sea Polymetallic Sulfide Minin

LI Jianghai,SONG Juechen,LUO Yi

Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution,Ministry of Education,school of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University;Institude of oil and gas,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University

Abstract:

With the exhaustion of terrestrial metallic mineral resources,deepsea polymetallic sulfide has gradually become a new trend in marine mineral resources exploration.This paper introduced the major global origin and distribution characteristics of ocean polymetallic sulfide deposits,and expounded the latest development of exploration activities of massive polymetallic sulfide deposits in the southwest Pacific Ocean,Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean by several international mining companies and ocean organizations.The development prospect of polymetallic sulfides on the seabed was discussed from the aspects of the metal quality of polymetallic sulfides on the seabed,the law and policy of deepsea mining and environmental protection.It is also important for government to participate actively in the formulation of regulations for the development of international seabed resources,further refine the domestic legal system,and provide a good legal system environment for deepsea mining.Additionally,increasing deepsea governance capacity,and improving the deepsea technical equipment system as well as innovation capability are the top priority to enhance China′s voice in the deepsea field.

Key words: Polymetallic sulfide,Deep sea mining,Southwest Pacific,South west Indian Ocean,Mid ocean ridge